Ko te ahuwhenua te rauemi tino nui i ngā mākete o te ao, ā, he maha ngā wero e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha rauropi. Kei te piki haere te whakamahinga o ngā maniua matū o te ao, ā, he mea nui ki ngā hua o te hua1. Heoi, kāore i te nui te wā o ngā tipu e whakatipuhia ana i tēnei ara ki te tipu me te pakeke tika, nō reira kāore e whiwhi i ngā āhuatanga tipu pai2. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ngā matū paitini tino kino te kohikohi i roto i te tinana tangata me te oneone3. Nō reira, me whakawhanake he otinga e pai ana ki te taiao, e pumau ana hoki hei whakaiti i te hiahia mō ngā maniua matū. Ka taea e ngā moroiti whai hua te noho hei puna nui o ngā matū taiao kaha koiora4.
He rerekē ngā hapori endophytic i roto i ngā rau i runga i te momo tipu manaaki, te momo ira rānei, te wāhanga tipu, me te āhua o te tipu.13 He maha ngā rangahau kua pūrongo he kaha tō Azospirillum, Bacillus, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, me Enterobacter ki tewhakatairanga i te tipu o ngā tipu. 14 Hei tāpiri, ko Bacillus me Azospirillum ngā momo PGPB i tino rangahauhia mō te whakapai ake i te tipu me te hua o ngā tipu. 15 Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka taea e te werohanga tahi o Azospirillum brasiliensis me Bradyrhizobium ki roto i ngā pīni te whakanui ake i te hua o te kānga, te witi, te pīni soya, me te pīni kinki. 16, 17 Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka taea e te werohanga o Salicornia me Bacillus licheniformis me ētahi atu PGPB te whakatairanga i te tipu o ngā tipu me te tango matūkai. 18 Ka whakapai ake te Azospirillum brasiliensis Sp7 me Bacillus sphaericus UPMB10 i te tipu pakiaka o te panana reka. Waihoki, he uaua ki te whakatipu i ngā purapura fennel nā te ngoikore o te tipu tipu me te iti o te whakatipu, inā koa i raro i ngā āhuatanga ahotea tauraki20. Ka whakapai ake te maimoatanga purapura ki te Pseudomonas fluorescens me Trichoderma harzianum i te tipu wawe o ngā tipu fennel i raro i ngā āhuatanga ahotea tauraki21. Mō te stevia, kua whakahaerehia ngā rangahau hei aromatawai i ngā pānga o ngā harore mycorrhizal me ngā rhizobacteria whakatairanga tipu tipu (PGPR) ki te kaha o te rauropi ki te tipu, ki te kohikohi i ngā metabolites tuarua, me te whakaatu i ngā ira e whai wāhi ana ki te biosynthesis. E ai ki a Rahi et al.22, ko te werohanga o ngā tipu ki ngā PGPR rerekē i whakapai ake i tō rātou tipu, te taupū photosynthesis, me te kohikohinga o te stevioside me te stevioside A. I tētahi atu taha, ko te werohanga o te stevia ki ngā rhizobia whakatairanga tipu tipu me ngā harore mycorrhizal arbuscular i whakaoho i te teitei o te tipu, te stevioside, te kohuke, me te ihirangi pigment.23 I kōrero a Oviedo-Pereira et al.24 ko ngā endophytes whakararuraru Enterobacter hormaechei H2A3 me H5A2 i whakanui ake i te ihirangi SG, i whakaoho i te kiato trichome i roto i ngā rau, ā, i whakatairanga i te kohikohinga o ngā metabolites motuhake i roto i ngā trichomes, engari kāore i whakatairanga i te tipu o te tipu;
Ko te GA3 tētahi o ngā pūmua rite ki te gibberellin tino nui, ā, he tino kaha hoki ki te koiora31. Mā te maimoatanga o waho o te stevia ki te GA3 ka taea te whakanui ake i te roa o te kakau me te pua32. I tētahi atu taha, kua pūrongo ētahi rangahau he mea whakaoho te GA3 e whakaoho ana i ngā tipu ki te whakaputa i ngā matū tuarua pērā i ngā antioxidants me ngā pigments, ā, he tikanga tiaki anō hoki33.
Ngā whanaungatanga ā-ira o ngā momo ira e pā ana ki ētahi atu momo momo. Kei roto i ngā pareneti ngā tau urunga ki GenBank.
E whakaatuhia ana ngā mahi a te amylase, te cellulase me te protease hei whitiki mārama huri noa i ngā koroni, ko ngā matūriki mā huri noa i ngā koroni e tohu ana i te mahi a te lipase. E ai ki te Ripanga 2, ka taea e te B. paramycoides SrAM4 te whakaputa i ngā hydrolases katoa, ko te B. paralicheniformis SrMA3 ia ka taea te whakaputa i ngā whākōkī katoa engari ko te cellulase, ā, ko te B. licheniformis SrAM2 anake te whakaputa i te cellulase.
He maha ngā momo moroiti nui kua honoa ki te pikinga o te hanganga matū tuarua i roto i ngā tipu rongoā me ngā tipu kakara74. Ko ngā antioxidants enzymatic me ngā antioxidants kore-enzymatic katoa i tino piki ake i roto i te S. rebaudiana Shou-2 ki te whakataurite ki te mana whakahaere. Ko te pānga pai o te PGPB ki te TPC i roto i te raihi i kōrerotia hoki e Chamam et al.75; I tua atu, he rite ā mātou hua ki ngā hua o te TPC, TFC, me te DPPH i roto i te S. rebaudiana, i kīia ko te mahi tahi a Piriformospora indica me Azotobacter chroococcum76. He nui ake te TPC me te TFC77 i roto i ngā tipu basil i rongoatia ki ngā moroiti ki te whakataurite ki ngā tipu kāore i rongoatia. I tua atu, ko te pikinga o ngā antioxidants ka puta pea mō ngā take e rua: ko ngā enzymes hydrolytic e whakaoho ana i ngā tikanga tiaki tipu i whakaohokia i te ara kotahi me ngā moroiti pathogenic tae noa ki te wā e urutau ai te tipu ki te koroni huakita78. Tuarua, ka mahi pea te PGPB hei kaiwhakaoho i te whakaoho o ngā matū bioactive i hangaia mā te ara shikimate i roto i ngā tipu teitei ake me ngā moroiti 79.
I whakaatuhia e ngā hua he hononga mahi tahi i waenga i te maha o ngā rau, te whakaaturanga ira me te whakaputanga SG i te wā i werohia ngātahitia ai ngā momo maha. I tētahi atu taha, he pai ake te werohanga takirua i te werohanga kotahi i runga i te tipu me te hua o ngā tipu.
I kitea ngā whākōkī waiora i muri i te werohanga o ngā huakita ki runga i te rauemi agar kei roto te turanga tohu me te whakatipu i te 28 °C mō ngā rā 2–5. I muri i te paninga o ngā huakita ki runga i te rauemi agar māngaro, i whakatauhia te mahi a te amylase mā te whakamahi i te otinga iodine 100. I whakatauhia te mahi a te cellulase mā te whakamahi i te 0.2% te matū whero Congo wai e ai ki te tikanga a Kianngam et al. 101. I kitea te mahi a te protease mā roto i ngā rohe mārama huri noa i ngā koroni i pania ki runga i te rauemi agar miraka momona e ai ki te whakaahuatanga a Cui et al. 102. I tētahi atu taha, i kitea te lipase 100 i muri i te werohanga ki runga i te rauemi agar Tween.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-06-2025