Neke atu i te 700,000 tāne te hua ā-tau, ko te glyphosate te patu taru tino whānuitia me te nui rawa atu o te ao. Kua aro nui te iwi ki te ātete ki ngā taru me ngā tūmomo mōrearea pea ki te taiao me te hauora o te tangata nā te whakamahinga kino o te glyphosate.
I te 29 o Mei, i whakaputaina e te tīma a Ahorangi Guo Ruiting mai i te State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, i whakatūria ngātahitia e te Kura o ngā Pūtaiao Ora o Te Whare Wānanga o Hubei me ngā tari ā-rohe me ngā tari minita, te pepa rangahau hou i roto i te Journal of Hazardous Materials, e tātari ana i te tātaritanga tuatahi o te tarutaru pāmu. (He taru raihi kino) - aldo-keto reductase AKR4C16 me AKR4C17 e whakaoho ana i te tikanga tauhohenga o te whakahekenga glyphosate, ā, e tino whakapai ake ana i te whai huatanga o te whakahekenga o te glyphosate e AKR4C17 mā te whakarerekētanga ngota.
Te tipu haere o te ātete ki te glyphosate.
Mai i tōna whakaurunga mai i te tekau tau atu i 1970, kua rongonui te glyphosate puta noa i te ao, ā, kua piki haere te rongonui hei patu taru iti te utu, te nuinga o te whakamahinga, me te tino whai hua. Ka puta he mate pāwera i roto i ngā tipu, tae atu ki ngā taru, mā te aukati i te 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), he whākōkī matua e uru ana ki te tipu me te pākia o ngā tipu, me te mate.
Nō reira, he huarahi nui te whakatipu i ngā hua whakawhiti ira ātete ki te glyphosate me te whakamahi i te glyphosate i te mara hei whakahaere i ngā taru i roto i te ahuwhenua o ēnei rā.
Heoi, nā te whānui o te whakamahinga me te tukinotanga o te glyphosate, kua whanake haere te maha o ngā taru, ā, kua nui ake te manawanui ki te glyphosate.
Hei tāpiritanga, kāore e taea e ngā hua kua whakarerekētia te ira te pirau i te glyphosate, ka hua ake te kohikohi me te whakawhiti o te glyphosate ki roto i ngā hua, ka horapa ngāwari puta noa i te mekameka kai me te whakararu i te hauora o te tangata.
Nō reira, he mea nui kia kimihia wawetia ngā ira ka taea te whakangaro i te glyphosate, kia taea ai te whakatipu i ngā hua whakawhiti ira e ātete ana ki te glyphosate he nui, engari he iti hoki ngā toenga glyphosate.
Te whakatau i te hanganga tioata me te tikanga tauhohenga catalytic o ngā whākōkī whakaiti glyphosate i ahu mai i te tipu
I te tau 2019, i kitea e ngā tīma rangahau Hainamana me Ahitereiria e rua ngā aldo-keto reductases e whakaiti ana i te glyphosate, arā, ko AKR4C16 me AKR4C17, mō te wā tuatahi mai i te tarutaru pāmu ātete-glyphosate. Ka taea e rātou te whakamahi i te NADP+ hei cofactor hei whakaiti i te glyphosate ki te waikawa aminomethylphosphonic kore-paitini me te waikawa glyoxylic.
Ko AKR4C16 me AKR4C17 ngā whākōkī tuatahi kua pūrongohia mō te whakaiti i te glyphosate i hangaia e te whanaketanga tūturu o ngā tipu. Hei tūhura atu i te tikanga ngota o tā rātou whakaiti i te glyphosate, i whakamahia e te tīma a Guo Ruiting te whakamātautau hihi-X hei tātari i te whanaungatanga i waenga i ēnei whākōkī e rua me te cofactor teitei. Nā te hanganga matatini o te whakataunga i whakaatu te aratau here o te matatini tuatoru o te glyphosate, NADP+ me AKR4C17, ā, i whakaarohia te tikanga tauhohenga catalytic o te whakaiti i te glyphosate e whakahaerehia ana e AKR4C16 me AKR4C17.
Te hanganga o te matatini AKR4C17/NADP+/glyphosate me te tikanga tauhohenga o te whakapōrearea o te glyphosate.
Ka whakapai ake te whakarerekētanga ngota i te whai huatanga o te pirau o te glyphosate.
I muri i te whiwhinga o te tauira hanganga toru-ahu pai o te AKR4C17/NADP+/glyphosate, i whiwhi anō te tīma a Ahorangi Guo Ruiting i tētahi pūmua whakarerekētanga AKR4C17F291D me te pikinga 70% o te whai huatanga o te whakahoro o te glyphosate mā te tātari hanganga whākōkī me te hoahoa whaitake.
Te tātaritanga o te mahi whakaiti glyphosate o ngā mutants AKR4C17.
"E whakaatu ana tā mātou mahi i te tikanga ngota o AKR4C16 me AKR4C17 e whakaoho ana i te whakahekenga o te glyphosate, e whakatakoto ana i te turanga nui mō te whakarerekētanga atu o AKR4C16 me AKR4C17 hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga whakahekenga o te glyphosate." I kī te kaituhi o te pepa, te Ahorangi Tuarua a Dai Longhai o Te Whare Wānanga o Hubei, i hangaia e rātou he pūmua whakarerekētanga AKR4C17F291D me te whai huatanga whakahekenga glyphosate kua whakapai ake, e whakarato ana i tētahi taputapu nui mō te whakatipu i ngā hua whakawhiti-ira teitei ātete ki te glyphosate me ngā toenga glyphosate iti me te whakamahi i ngā huakita hangarau moroiti hei whakaheke i te glyphosate i roto i te taiao.
E ai ki ngā pūrongo, kua roa te tīma a Guo Ruiting e rangahau ana i te tātaritanga hanganga me te matapaki i ngā tikanga o ngā whākōkī pirau koiora, ngā synthases terpenoid, me ngā pūmua rongoā o ngā matū paitini me ngā matū kino i roto i te taiao. Ko Li Hao, te kairangahau hoa a Yang Yu me te kaiako a Hu Yumei i roto i te tīma ngā kaituhi tuatahi o te pepa, ā, ko Guo Ruiting rāua ko Dai Longhai ngā kaituhi hoa mahi.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-02-2022