I roto i ngā whakamātautau i Āwherika, i hangaia ngā kupenga moenga kiPIRETHROIDmeFIPRONILi whakaatu i ngā pānga pai ake o te materopi me te mate urutā. Nā tēnei kua piki ake te hiahia mō tēnei akoranga ipurangi hou i roto i ngā whenua e pangia ana e te malaria. Ko te PermaNet Dual he mata hou o te deltamethrin me te clofenac i whakawhanakehia e Vestergaard Sàrl hei whakarato i ngā āheinga tāpiri ki ngā kaupapa whakahaere malaria. I whakahaerehia e mātou he whakamātautau pairati hei aromatawai i te whai huatanga o te PermaNet Dual ki ngā waeroa Anopheles gambiae e rere noa ana i Cove, Benin. Nā te PermaNet Dual i nui ake te mate o ngā waeroa mēnā kāore i horoia, ki te whakataurite ki ngā kupenga kei roto ko te pyrethroid anake me ngā kupenga kei roto ko te pyrethroid me te PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE (77% mō te PermaNet Dual, 23% mō te PermaNet 2.0 me te 23% mō te PermaNet 3.0) 56% p < 0.001) i muri i te 20 tau. ngā horoinga paerewa (75% mō te PermaNet Dual, 14% mō te PermaNet 2.0, 30% mō te PermaNet 3.0, p < 0.001). Mā te whakamahi i ngā tawhā waenga-kore-iti i tautuhia e te World Health Organization, kāore hoki a PermaNet Dual i te iti iho i te mate o ngā kaikawe i te pyrethroid-clofenazoline, i whakaatu i te uara hauora tūmatanui kua pai ake (Interceptor G2) (79% vs 76). %, OR = 0.878, 95% CI 0.719–1.073), engari kāore i te tiaki i te toto (35% vs. 26%, OR = 1.424, 95% CI 1.177–1.723). Ko PermaNet Dual tētahi atu kōwhiringa ki tēnei momo kupenga tino whai hua hei whakapai ake i te whakahaere i te malaria e tukuna ana e ngā waeroa ātete-pyrethroid.
Ko ngā kupenga moenga i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke (ITN) te tikanga ārai malaria tino whai hua, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Kua maha ngā wā kua whakaaturia he whakaiti i te mate me te mate o te malaria i roto i ngā āhuatanga whakamātautau me ngā kaupapa, ā, ko rātou te tino takoha o ngā wawaotanga hou ki te whakaiti i te maha o ngā mate malaria. Heoi, ko tō rātou whakawhirinaki ki tētahi momo patu pepeke (pyrethroids) ka puta he pēhanga whiriwhiri, ka whakatairanga i te horapa o te ātete pyrethroid i roto i ngā kawe malaria. I waenga i te tau 2010 me te tau 2020, i kitea te ātete pyrethroid i roto i te iti rawa i te kotahi momo kawe i roto i te 88% o ngā whenua e noho tahi ana me te malaria. Ahakoa kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau he tiaki ngā kupenga moenga i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke i te malaria ahakoa te ātete, he taunakitanga kaha kei te whakapai ake ngā waeroa i pāngia ki ngā kupenga moenga i rongoatia ki te pyrethroid i te oranga me te kaha ki te whāngai. I runga i tō rātou hiranga mō te ārai me te whakahaere i te malaria, ko te whakaiti tonu i te whai huatanga o ngā kupenga i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke ka arahi pea ki te hokinga mai o te mate me te mate.
Hei whakautu i tēnei tūmomo riri, kua whakawhanakehia ngā kupenga moenga e rua ngā mahi i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke, e whakakotahi ana i te pyrethroid me tētahi atu matū, hei whakaora i te mana whakahaere o ngā kawe malaria ātete ki te pyrethroid. Ko te momo hou tuatahi o te ITN e whakakotahi ana i ngā pyrethroid mePIPERONYL BUTOXIDE (PBO), he kaiwhakakotahi e whakarei ake ana i te whai huatanga o ngā pyrethroid mā te whakakore i ngā whākōkī whakakore paitini e pā ana ki te ātete pyrethroid10. I roto i ngā whare whakamātautau me ngā whakamātautau whakahaere matapōkere rōpū (cRCT) kua whakaatuhia e ngā ITN kei roto ngā pyrethroid me te PBO ngā painga pepeke nui ake i ngā ITN kei roto anake ngā pyrethroid me te whai huatanga mate urutā. Mai i taua wā kua whiwhi rātou i tētahi taunakitanga ā-ture a te WHO mō te tohatoha i ngā rohe kei reira ngā kawe e whakaatu ana i te ātete ki ngā pyrethroid, ka hua ake he pikinga nui o tō rātou tohatoha i roto i ngā whenua mate urutā i ngā tau tata nei18. Heoi, ehara i te mea kāore he herenga o te pyrethroid-PBO ITN. He mea nui, he āwangawanga mō tō rātou roa i muri i te whakamahinga roa ki te kāinga. E whakaatu ana hoki ngā rangahau whakamātautau i Awherika ki te Hauāuru he iti ake te painga o ngā kupenga waeroa pyrethroid-PBO i ngā rohe he nui ake te ātete pyrethroid e whakahaerehia ana e ngā tikanga uaua me te maha. Nō reira, mō te whakahaere kawe whai hua me te pumau, me whakamahi i ngā momo kupenga moenga kua rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke, me te mea pai kei roto ko ētahi atu patu pepeke hou e tairongo ana ngā kawe.
Nō nā tata nei, kua wātea mai ngā kupenga moenga kua rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke e whakakotahi ana i ngā pyrethroid me te fipronil, he patu pepeke azole e whakararuraru ana i te mahi mitochondrial. Ko te Chlorfenopyr he tikanga hou mō te whakahaere i ngā kawe mate kua whakawhanake i ngā tikanga ātete matatini ki ngā patu pepeke o nāianei. Ko te pyrethroid-chlorphenopyr ITN (Interceptor G2), i whakawhanakehia e BASF, kua whakaatu i te malaria ātete ki te pyrethroid i roto i ngā whakamātautau whakamātautau i Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte me Tanzania. Kua pai ake te whakahaere i ngā patu pepeke, ā, kua tohua inaianei hei whakaritenga mō te World Health Organization. Kua whakaatuhia hoki e ngā whakamātautau nui me ngā kaupapa tohatoha whakamātautau i ētahi whenua he taunakitanga mō te pānga mate urutā. Ina koa, i whakaatuhia e ngā RCT i Benin me Tanzania i whakaitihia e te Interceptor G2 te mate malaria o ngā tamariki mā te 46% me te 44% i roto i te 2 tau, ia, ki te whakataurite ki te ITN e whakamahi ana i ngā pyrethroid paerewa anake. I runga i ēnei hua, i tukuna e te World Health Organization tētahi taunakitanga kaha mō te whakamahi i ngā kupenga moenga kua rongoatia ki te patu pepeke pyrethroid-chlorphenopyr kaua ki ngā kupenga moenga kei roto ngā pyrethroid anake i ngā wāhi e ātete ana ngā kawe ki ngā pyrethroid. Ngā kupenga moenga i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke hei ārai i te malaria. Nā tēnei kua piki ake te tono o te ao me ngā ota mō ngā kupenga waeroa i rongoatia ki te pyrethroid i tāutahia ki ngā whenua mate urutā. Mā te whanaketanga o ngā momo kupenga moenga pyrethroid me te fipronil mahi-teitei e ētahi kaihanga me ngā kaha hanga kaha ka āwhina i te whakapai ake i te mākete kupenga moenga i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke, ka whakapiki ake i te whakataetae, ā, ka ārahi ki te urunga ngāwari atu ki ngā kupenga moenga i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke utu iti ake. Ngā kupenga moenga. Ngā kupenga moenga patu pepeke mō te whakahaere pai rawa atu i ngā mate.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-17-2023