I te 25 o Paenga-whāwhā, i roto i tētahi pūrongo i tukuna e te Brazilian National Meteorological Institute (Inmet), ka whakaaturia he tātaritanga whānui o ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te āhuarangi me ngā āhuatanga huarere kino i puta mai i a El Niño i Brazil i te tau 2023 me ngā marama tuatahi e toru o te tau 2024.
I roto i te pūrongo, kua piki rua te ua o te tonga o Brazil nā te āhuarangi o El Niño, engari i ētahi atu wāhi, he iti iho te ua i te toharite. E whakapono ana ngā tohunga ko te take i waenganui i a Oketopa o te tau kua hipa me Poutū-te-rangi o tēnei tau, i puta ai he maha ngā huringa o ngā ngaru wera ki ngā rohe raki, pokapū me te hauauru o Brazil nā te āhuarangi o El Niño, ā, i whakawhāiti i te ahunga whakamua o ngā hau makariri (ngā awhiowhio me ngā matao) mai i te pito tonga o Amerika ki te Tonga ki te raki. I ngā tau kua hipa, ka haere taua hau makariri ki te raki ki te awa o Amazon, ka tūtaki ki te hau wera hei hanga ua nui, engari mai i te Oketopa 2023, kua neke te rohe e tūtaki ai te hau makariri me te hau wera ki te rohe tonga o Brazil, 3,000 kiromita te tawhiti atu i te awa o Amazon, ā, kua puta he maha ngā huringa ua nui i te rohe.
E tohu ana hoki te pūrongo ko tētahi atu pānga nui o El Niño i Brazil ko te pikinga o te pāmahana me te nekehanga o ngā rohe pāmahana teitei. Mai i Oketopa o te tau kua hipa ki Maehe o tēnei tau, kua pakaruhia ngā rekoata pāmahana teitei rawa atu i roto i te hītori o taua wā puta noa i Brazil. I ētahi wāhi, ko te pāmahana mōrahi he 3 ki te 4 nekehanga Celsius i runga ake i te tihi rekoata. I taua wā, ko ngā pāmahana teitei rawa i puta i te marama o Tīhema, te puna o te taha tonga o te ao, kaua i te marama o Hānuere me Pēpuere, ngā marama raumati.
Hei tāpiritanga, e ai ki ngā tohunga kua heke te kaha o El Niño mai i Tīhema o te tau kua hipa. Mā tēnei anō hoki e whakamārama he aha i wera ake ai te kōanga i te raumati. E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga ko te pāmahana toharite i Tīhema 2023, i te wā o te kōanga o Amerika ki te Tonga, he mahana ake i te pāmahana toharite i Hānuere me Pēpuere 2024, i te wā o te raumati o Amerika ki te Tonga.
E ai ki ngā tohunga āhuarangi o Brazil, ka heke haere te kaha o El Niño mai i te mutunga o te ngahuru ki te tīmatanga o te takurua i tēnei tau, arā, i waenganui i a Mei me Hūrae 2024. Engari i muri tonu i tēnā, ka nui te tūponotanga ka puta te La Niña. E matapaetia ana ka tīmata ngā āhuatanga o La Niña i te haurua tuarua o te tau, ā, ka heke iho te pāmahana o te mata o ngā wai pārūrū i waenganui me te rawhiti o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa i raro iho i te toharite.
Wā tuku: 29 Paenga-whāwhā 2024