Patupatu pepekeHe rautaki whai hua te whakamahi i ngā kupenga waeroa kua rongoatia mō te whakahaere i ngā mate malaria, ā, me rongoa ki ngā patu pepeke, ā, me maka atu i ia wā. Ko te tikanga he huarahi tino whai hua ngā kupenga waeroa kua rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke i ngā wāhi he nui te horapa o te malaria. E ai ki tētahi pūrongo a te World Health Organization i te tau 2020, tata ki te haurua o te taupori o te ao kei te mōrearea ki te malaria, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā keehi me ngā matenga kei Awherika ki te tonga o te Sahara, tae atu ki Etiopia. Heoi anō, he maha ngā keehi me ngā matenga kua pūrongohia i ngā rohe o te WHO pērā i te Tonga-Rawhiti o Āhia, te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki te Rawhiti, te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki te Hauāuru me Amerika.
He mate urutā e whakamate ana i te ora te malaria, e hua mai ana i tētahi pirinoa e horahia ana ki te tangata mā roto i ngā ngau a ngā waeroa wahine Anopheles kua pangia. E whakaatu ana tēnei tūmomo whakamataku tonu i te hiahia nui kia haere tonu ngā mahi hauora tūmatanui hei whawhai i tēnei mate.
Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau ka taea e te whakamahinga o ngā ITN te whakaiti i te maha o ngā mate malaria, me ngā whakatau tata mai i te 45% ki te 50%.
Heoi, ko te pikinga ake o te ngau o waho ka puta he wero ka whakararu i te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga tika o ngā ITN. He mea nui te aro atu ki te ngau o waho hei whakaiti ake i te horapa o te malaria me te whakapai ake i ngā putanga hauora tūmatanui whānui. Ko tēnei huringa whanonga pea he urupare ki te pēhanga whiriwhiri e pā ana ki ngā ITN, e aro nui ana ki ngā taiao o roto. Nō reira, ko te pikinga ake o ngā ngau namu o waho e whakaatu ana i te kaha o te horapa o te malaria o waho, e whakaatu ana i te hiahia mō ngā wawaotanga whakahaere i ngā kawe pepeke o waho. Nō reira, ko te nuinga o ngā whenua e horapa ana te malaria he kaupapa here kei te whakatū e tautoko ana i te whakamahinga whānui o ngā ITN hei whakahaere i ngā ngau pepeke o waho, engari ko te ōwehenga o te taupori e moe ana i raro i te kupenga namu i Awherika ki te tonga o te Sahara i kiia he 55% i te tau 2015. 5,24
I whakahaerehia e mātou tētahi rangahau whakawhiti-wāhanga ā-hapori hei whakatau i te whakamahinga o ngā kupenga waeroa i rongoatia ki ngā patu ngārara me ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki tēnei mate i te marama o Ākuhata–Hepetema 2021.
I whakahaerehia te rangahau i Pawi woreda, tetahi o nga rohe e whitu o te Kaute o Metekel i te kawanatanga o Benishangul-Gumuz. Ko te rohe o Pawi kei te whenua o Benishangul-Gumuz State, 550 kiromita ki te tonga tonga o Addis Ababa me 420 kiromita ki te raki-rawhiti o Assosa.
Ko te tauira mō tēnei rangahau ko te upoko o te whare, tetahi rānei o te whare 18 tau te pakeke, neke atu rānei, kua noho ki te whare mō te iti rawa o te 6 marama.
I tangohia mai i te tauira ngā kaiwhakautu i tino pāngia e te mate, ā, kāore i kaha ki te kōrero i te wā kohikohi raraunga.
Ngā Taputapu: I kohia ngā raraunga mā te whakamahi i tētahi pātai i tukuna e te kaiuiui me tētahi rārangi arowhai tirotiro i whakawhanakehia i runga i ngā rangahau kua whakaputaina me ētahi whakarerekētanga31. E rima ngā wāhanga o te pātai rangahau: ngā āhuatanga pāpori-taupori, te whakamahinga me te mōhiotanga ki te ICH, te hanganga me te rahi o te whānau, me ngā āhuatanga tuakiri/whanonga, i hangaia hei kohikohi i ngā mōhiohio taketake mō ngā kaiuru. He wāhi kei roto i te rārangi arowhai hei porowhita i ngā kitenga i mahia. I tāpirihia ki ia pātai whare kia taea ai e ngā kaimahi o te mara te tirotiro i ā rātou kitenga me te kore e whakararu i te uiui. Hei tauākī matatika, i kī mātou ko ā mātou rangahau i uru atu ki ngā kaiuru tangata, ā, ko ngā rangahau i uru atu ki ngā kaiuru tangata me rite ki te Whakapuakitanga o Helsinki. Nō reira, i whakaaetia e te Poari Arotake Whare o te Kāreti Rongoā me ngā Pūtaiao Hauora, Te Whare Wānanga o Bahir Dar ngā tikanga katoa tae atu ki ngā taipitopito e tika ana i mahia i runga anō i ngā aratohu me ngā ture e tika ana, ā, i whiwhi whakaaetanga whai whakaaro mai i ngā kaiuru katoa.
Hei whakarite i te kounga o ngā raraunga i roto i tā mātou rangahau, i whakatinanahia e mātou ētahi rautaki matua. Tuatahi, i tino whakangungua ngā kaikohi raraunga kia mārama ki ngā whāinga o te rangahau me ngā ihirangi o te pātai hei whakaiti i ngā hapa. I mua i te whakatinanatanga katoa, i whakamātauria e mātou te pātai hei tautuhi me te whakatau i ngā take. I whakapūmautia ngā tikanga kohikohi raraunga hei whakarite i te ōritetanga, ā, i whakatūria he tikanga aroturuki auau hei tirotiro i ngā kaimahi o te mara me te whakarite kia whaihia ngā tikanga. I whakaurua ngā tirotiro mana ki roto i te pātai hei pupuri i te raupapa arorau o ngā whakautu. I whakamahia te whakaurunga raraunga takirua mō ngā raraunga tauanga hei whakaiti i ngā hapa whakauru, ā, i arotakehia auautia ngā raraunga i kohia hei whakarite i te otinga me te tika. I tua atu, i whakatūria e mātou he tikanga urupare mō ngā kaikohi raraunga hei whakapai ake i ngā tukanga me te whakarite i ngā mahi matatika, hei āwhina i te whakanui ake i te whakawhirinaki o ngā kaiuru me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te whakautu.
Hei whakamutunga, i whakamahia te whakatauiratanga logistic maha-taurangi hei tautuhi i ngā matapae o ngā taurangi putanga me te whakatikatika mō ngā taurangi takirua. I whakamatautauria te pai o te taunga o te tauira whakatauiratanga logistic rua mā te whakamahi i te whakamātautau Hosmer me Lemeshow. Mō ngā whakamātautau tatauranga katoa, i kiia ko te uara P < 0.05 te pūwāhi tapahi mō te hiranga tatauranga. I tirotirohia te maha-whakapiripiri o ngā taurangi motuhake mā te whakamahi i te tauwehenga whakapūtanga ātete me te rerekētanga (VIF). I whakamahia te COR, te AOR, me te wā whakawhirinaki 95% hei whakatau i te kaha o te hononga i waenga i ngā taurangi kāwai motuhake me ngā taurangi whakawhirinaki rua.
Te mohio ki te whakamahi i nga kupenga waeroa i Parweredas, i te rohe o Benishangul-Gumuz, i te hauauru o Etiopia.
Kua noho ngā kupenga waeroa i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke hei taputapu nui mō te aukati i te malaria i ngā wāhi tino horapa pēnei i te Rohe o Pawi. Ahakoa ngā mahi nui a te Manatū Hauora ā-Motu o Etiopia ki te whakanui ake i te whakamahinga o ngā kupenga waeroa i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke, kei te mau tonu ngā arai ki te whakamahinga whānui.
I ētahi rohe, tera pea he māramatanga, he ātete rānei ki te whakamahinga o ngā kupenga i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke, ka iti ai te tangohanga o ngā mea. Tērā pea ētahi rohe ka pāngia e ngā wero motuhake pērā i te pakanga, te nekehanga whenua, te rawakore nui rānei, ka tino whakawhāiti i te tohatoha me te whakamahinga o ngā kupenga i rongoatia ki ngā patu pepeke, pērā i te rohe o Benishangul-Gumuz-Metekel.
Tērā pea he maha ngā āhuatanga i puta ai tēnei rerekētanga, tae atu ki te wā i waenganui i ngā rangahau (i te toharite, e ono tau), ngā rerekētanga o te mōhiotanga me te mātauranga mō te ārai i te malaria, me ngā rerekētanga ā-rohe i roto i ngā mahi whakatairanga. Ko te whakamahinga o ngā ITN he nui ake i ngā rohe he mātauranga whai hua, he hanganga hauora pai ake hoki. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā tikanga tuku iho me ngā whakapono ā-rohe ka pā ki te whakaaetia o te whakamahinga kupenga moenga. Nā te mea i whakahaerehia tēnei rangahau i ngā rohe e pangia ana e te malaria he hanganga hauora pai ake, ā, he tohatoha ITN pai ake, tera pea he teitei ake te urunga me te wātea o ngā kupenga moenga ki ngā rohe he iti ake te whakamahinga.
Tērā pea he maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te hononga i waenga i te pakeketanga me te whakamahinga o ngā ITN: he maha ake ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā taiohi ngā ITN nā te mea e whakaaro ana rātou he nui ake te kawenga mō te hauora o ā rātou tamariki. Hei tāpiri, kua whai hua ngā kaupapa hauora o nā tata nei ki te aro ki ngā whakatupuranga taitamariki, me te whakapiki ake i te mōhiotanga mō te aukati i te malaria. Tērā pea he pānga anō hoki ki ngā awe pāpori, tae atu ki ngā hoa me ngā mahi a te hapori, nā te mea he maha ake ngā taiohi e aro nui ana ki ngā tohutohu hauora hou.
Hei tāpiritanga, he pai ake tā rātou urunga atu ki ngā rauemi, ā, he maha ngā wā ka hiahia ake rātou ki te tango i ngā tikanga me ngā hangarau hou, ā, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka whakamahia tonutia e rātou ngā IPO.
Tērā pea nā te mea he maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te mātauranga. Ko te hunga he nui ake ō rātou mātauranga, he pai ake te uru atu ki ngā mōhiohio, ā, he mārama ake hoki ki te hiranga o ngā ITN hei ārai i te malaria. He nui ake ō rātou mātauranga hauora, ā, ka taea e rātou te whakamārama pai i ngā mōhiohio hauora me te taunekeneke ki ngā kaiwhakarato hauora. Hei tāpiri, he maha ngā wā ka hono te mātauranga ki te whakapai ake i te tūnga ōhanga-pāpori, e whakarato ana i ngā rauemi ki te tangata hei whiwhi me te pupuri i ngā ITN. He nui ake te tūponotanga o te hunga mātau ki te wero i ngā whakapono ahurea, ki te aro nui ake ki ngā hangarau hauora hou, me te whai wāhi ki ngā whanonga hauora pai, ā, nā reira ka whai pānga pai ki te whakamahinga o ngā ITN e ō rātou hoa.
Wā tuku: Maehe-12-2025