(Haunga ngā Pesticides, 8 o Hūrae, 2024) Tukuna mai ō whakaaro i mua i te Wenerei, 31 o Hūrae, 2024. Ko te Acephate he patu pepeke nō te whānau organophosphate (OP) tino paitini, ā, he tino paitini, kua kī te Tari Tiaki Taiao kia āraia engari ko te whakahaere pūnaha ki ngā rākau. Kua tuwhera te wā tuku kōrero, ā, ka whakaaetia e te EPA ngā whakaaro tae noa ki te Wenerei, 31 o Hūrae, whai muri i te whakaroa i te rā kati o Hūrae. I tēnei wā whakamahinga e toe ana, kāore te EPA i te mōhio he neonicotinoid pūnaha.ngā patu pepekeka pā he kino nui ki te taiao mā te whakamate noa i ngā rauropi.
>> Tukuna he kōrero mō te acephate, me te kī atu ki te EPA kaua e whakamahia ngā patupatu mēnā ka taea te whakaputa hua mā te waro.
Kei te whakaaro te EPA kia mutu te whakamahinga katoa o te acephate, engari kaua ngā werohanga rākau, hei whakakore i ngā tūponotanga katoa kua kitea e ia e nui ake ana i tōna taumata āwangawanga mō te kai/wai inu, ngā tūponotanga noho me te mahi, me ngā tūponotanga koiora kāore i te whainga. I kī a Beyond Pesticides ahakoa kāore te tikanga werohanga rākau e whakararu nui ana i te hauora kai, i te hauora whānui rānei, kāore hoki e whakararu i te hauora mahi, i te hauora tangata rānei i muri i te whakamahinga, ka warewarehia e te tari ngā tūponotanga taiao nui. Kāore te tari e aromatawai i ngā tūponotanga taiao o te whakamahi i ngā werohanga rākau, engari e whakaaro ana kāore tēnei whakamahinga e whakararu nui ana i ngā rauropi kāore i te whainga. He rerekē, ko te whakamahinga o ngā werohanga rākau he tūponotanga nui ki ngā kaiwhakatipu me ētahi momo manu kāore e taea te whakaiti, nō reira me whakauru ki te tangohanga acephate.
Ina werohia ki roto i ngā rākau, ka werohia tika ngā patupatu ki roto i te pūtake, ka tere te mimiti, ka horahia puta noa i te pūnaha toto. Nā te mea he patupatu pūnaha tino wairewa te acephate me tana hua pakaru methamidophos, ka tukuna tēnei matū ki ngā wāhanga katoa o te rākau, tae atu ki te hae, te wai, te kapia, ngā rau me ētahi atu. Ka pāngia pea ngā pī me ētahi manu pēnei i te manu komipi, te manu woodpecker, te manu sapsucker, te waina, te manu nuthatch, te manu chickadee, me ētahi atu e ngā para mai i ngā rākau kua werohia ki te acephate. Ka pāngia ngā pī ehara i te mea i te wā e kohi ana i te hae poke anake, engari i te wā e kohi ana i te wai me te kapia e whakamahia ana hei hanga i te propolis nui o te pū. Waihoki, ka pāngia pea ngā manu e ngā toenga paitini acephate/metamidophos ina kai ana rātou i te wai poke o te rākau, ngā pepeke/ngā torongū e keri ana i te rakau, me ngā pepeke/ngā torongū e kai rau ana.
Ahakoa he iti noa ngā raraunga, kua whakatauhia e te Tari Tiaki Taiao o Amerika ka tūpono pea te whakamahinga o te acephate ki ngā pī. Heoi, kāore anō kia pūrongohia he huinga katoa o ngā rangahau mō ngā kaiwhakamomona i runga i te acephate, i te methamidophos rānei, nō reira kāore he raraunga mō te paitini waha, te paitini pakeke mau tonu, te paitini torongū rānei ki ngā pī honi; He nui te koretake o ēnei āputa raraunga i roto i te aromatawai i ngā pānga o te acephate ki ngā kaiwhakamomona, nā te mea ka rerekē pea te ngoikore i runga i te wāhanga ora me te roa o te pānga (ngā pakeke me ngā torongū me te paitini nui me ngā paitini mau tonu). Ko ngā pānga kino me te take me te pānga pea, tae atu ki te mate o ngā pī, kua honoa ki te pānga o te acephate me/ngā methamidophos rānei ki ngā pī. He tika te whakaaro ko te werohanga o te acephate ki roto i ngā rākau kāore e whakaiti i te mōrearea ki ngā pī ki te whakataurite ki ngā maimoatanga rau, engari ka piki ake pea te pānga i runga i ngā horopeta teitei ake i werohanga ki roto i te rākau, ā, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te paitini. I tukuna e te tari he tauākī mōrearea mō ngā kaipupuhi i werohia ki ngā rākau, e kī ana, "He tino paitini tēnei hua ki ngā pī. Kāore rawa tēnei tauākī tapanga e ranea hei tiaki i ngā pī me ētahi atu rauropi, hei whakaatu rānei i te kaha o te mōrearea."
Kāore anō kia tino aromatawaihia ngā mōrearea o te whakamahi i ngā tikanga werohanga acetate me ngā tikanga werohanga rākau mō ngā momo e tata ana ki te ngaro. I mua i te whakaoti i tana arotake i te rēhitatanga o te acephate, me whakaoti e te EPA he aromatawai i ngā momo kua whakarārangihia me ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e tika ana me te US Fish and Wildlife Service me te National Marine Fisheries Service, me te aro nui ki ngā momo manu me ngā pepeke kua whakarārangihia me ēnei momo manu me ngā pepeke. whakamahia ngā rākau werohanga mō ngā mahi rapu kai, te rapu kai me te kōhanga.
I te tau 2015, i oti i te tari te arotake whānui i ngā acephates endocrine disruptor, ā, i whakatau kāore he raraunga tāpiri i hiahiatia hei aromatawai i ngā pānga pea ki ngā ara estrogen, androgen, thyroid rānei i roto i te tangata, i ngā kararehe mohoao rānei. Heoi, e kī ana ngā mōhiohio hou ko te kaha o te acephate endocrine disrupting me tōna whakangaromanga o te methamidophos mā roto i ngā ara kāore i te kaiwhakawhiwhi he mea hei āwangawanga, nō reira me whakahou e te EPA tana aromatawai i te mōrearea endocrine disrupting o te acephate.
I tua atu, i roto i tana aromatawai i te whai huatanga, i whakatau te Tari Tiaki Taiao he iti noa te painga o ngā werohanga acetate ki te whakahaere i ngā pepeke rākau nā te mea he iti noa ngā huarahi whai hua mō te nuinga o ngā pepeke. Nō reira, ko te nui o te mōrearea ki ngā pī me ngā manu e pā ana ki te rongoā i ngā rākau ki te acephate kāore e tika ana mai i te tirohanga mōrearea-painga.
> Tukuna he kōrero mō te acephate, me te kī atu ki te EPA mēnā ka taea te whakatipu hua i roto i te taiao, kaua e whakamahia ngā patupatu.
Ahakoa te kaupapa matua o te arotake i ngā patupatu organophosphate, kāore te EPA i mahi i tetahi mea hei tiaki i te hunga tino ngoikore ki ō rātou pānga paitini neuro - ngā kaimahi pāmu me ngā tamariki. I te tau 2021, i tono a Earthjustice me ētahi atu whakahaere ki te Environmental Protection Agency kia tangohia te rēhitatanga o ēnei patupatu neurotoxic tino paitini. I tēnei puna, i whakahaerehia e Consumer Reports (CR) te rangahau tino whānui o ngā patupatu i roto i ngā hua, me te kitenga ko te pānga ki ngā rōpū matū nui e rua - ngā organophosphate me ngā carbamates - te mea tino morearea, ā, e hono ana hoki ki te pikinga o te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku, te mate huka me te mate ngakau. I runga i ēnei kitenga, i tono a CR ki te Environmental Protection Agency kia "aukati te whakamahinga o ēnei patupatu ki ngā hua me ngā huawhenua."
Haunga ngā take o runga ake nei, kāore te EPA i aro ki te whakararuraru o te pūnaha endocrine. Kāore hoki te EPA e whai whakaaro ki ngā taupori ngoikore, te pānga ki ngā ranunga, me ngā taunekeneke mahi tahi i te wā e whakatakoto ana i ngā taumata toenga kai e whakaaetia ana. Hei tāpiri, ka whakapokea e ngā patupatu te wai me te hau, ka kino te kanorau koiora, ka kino ngā kaimahi pāmu, ā, ka patu i ngā pī, ngā manu, ngā ika, me ētahi atu kararehe mohoao.
He mea nui kia mōhiotia kāore ngā kai rauropi kua whakamanahia e te USDA e whakamahi ana i ngā patu pepeke paitini i roto i tana mahi whakaputa. Ko ngā toenga patu pepeke i kitea i roto i ngā hua rauropi, haunga ētahi o ngā mea torutoru, he hua nō te parahanga ahuwhenua kaha matū kore i te arotahihia nā te rere o ngā patu pepeke, te poke wai, ngā toenga oneone papamuri rānei. Ehara i te mea he pai ake te mahi whakaputa kai rauropi mō te hauora o te tangata me te taiao i te mahi whakaputa matū nui, kei te whakaatu anō hoki te pūtaiao hou i ngā kōrero a ngā kaitautoko rauropi kua roa nei e kī ana: he pai ake te kai rauropi, hei tāpiri atu ki te kore he toenga paitini mai i ngā hua kai tuku iho. He kai totika, ā, kāore e paitini i te tangata, e poke rānei i ngā hapori e whakatipuria ana te kai.
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau i whakaputaina e The Organic Center he nui ake ngā hua o ngā kai rauropi i roto i ētahi wāhanga matua, pērā i te kaha katoa o te antioxidant, te polyphenols katoa, me ngā flavonoids matua e rua, te quercetin me te kaempferol, he pai katoa ēnei mō te kai. I tirotirohia e te Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry te ihirangi phenolic katoa o ngā purūpere, ngā rōpere, me te kānga, ā, i kitea he nui ake te ihirangi phenolic katoa o ngā kai i whakatipuria ki te rauropi. He mea nui ngā matū phenolic mō te hauora o ngā tipu (te tiaki i ngā pepeke me ngā mate) me te hauora o te tangata nā te mea he "kaha antioxidant me te whānuitanga o ngā āhuatanga rongoā, tae atu ki te anticancer, te antioxidant, me te mahi aukati i te platelet aggregation."
I runga i ngā painga o te whakaputanga rauropi, me whakamahi te EPA i te whakaputanga rauropi hei paearu ina paunatia ana ngā mōrearea me ngā painga o ngā patupatu. Mena ka taea te whakatipu i ngā hua ma te rauropi, kaua e whakamahia ngā patupatu.
>> Tukuna he kōrero mō te acephate, me te kī atu ki te EPA mēnā ka taea te whakatipu i te hua mā te whakamahi i te tikanga rauropi, kaua e whakamahia ngā patupatu.
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Te wā tuku: Hurae-15-2024