Ngā Tikanga Whakamahinga o te Ethephon ki ngā Rākau Hua

EteponaHe maha ngā pānga ā-tinana o tēnei tipu ki ngā hua whenua, pērā i te aukati i te tipu, te whakaoho i te hanganga me te puāwaitanga o te puku putiputi, te whakahaere i te ira o ngā putiputi, te whakaoho i te tapahi o ngā okana, me te whakatairanga i te pakari o ngā hua. I taua wā anō, ka puta hoki i a ia ngā tauhohenga matū koiora.

1. Te Whakatairanga i te Puāwaitanga

Eteponaka taea te whakanui ake i te mahi a te indole acetic acid oxidase i roto i ngā tipu, te whakaroa i te biosynthesis o te IAA, te whakaiti i te taumata IAA i roto i ngā tipu, me te aukati i ngā mahi angā giberelinme ngā cytokinin. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te whakatutuki i te whāinga o te aukati i te tipu o ngā pito o te peka me te whakatairanga i te rerekētanga o te puku putiputi. I te wā rerekētanga o te puku putiputi, ki te nui rawa te tipu tipu, ki te kore rānei e mutu, ka pā kino ki te rerekētanga o te puku putiputi. Mā te rongoā ki te Ethephon, ka taea te aukati i te tipu o ngā manga hou o ngā rākau hua, ka meinga rānei ngā manga hou kia maroke, kia mate, kia pai ai te tukanga rerekētanga o te puku putiputi.

Ka whakamahia te Ethephon ki ngā rākau hua pēnei i te raiki, te longan, te aporo, te māngo, me te paramu matomato, ā, he tino hira ngā hua. He pānga nui tā te Ethephon ki te aukati, ki te whakamate rānei i te tipu o ngā wana hotoke o te raiki me te longan. Ina whakamahia ngātahi me te paclobutrazol me ngā waikawa amino, ka taea e ia te aukati i te tipu o ngā wana hotoke me te whakatairanga i te pikinga o te matotoru o ngā manga. Ina honoa ki ētahi atu kaiwhakahaere tipu, ki ngā tikanga whakatipu rānei, he tino pai te pānga o te ethylenei ki te whakatairanga i te pua o ngā aporo. Hei tauira, ko te 40% Ethephon i te kukū o te 400 wā + 85% B9 i te kukū o te 400 wā + maimoatanga mowhiti-kiri i runga i ngā aporo Red Fuji ka taea te aukati i te tipu o ngā wana hou, te whakapai ake i te kaha o te tipu ki te pua, me te whakanui ake i te taumaha me te hua o te hua kotahi.

Mā te maimoatanga ethephon i ngā rākau hua pēnei i te māngo, te paramu matomato, me te kiwi ka whakaiti i te tipu o ngā wana hou. I muri i te maimoatanga mō ngā rā 7-10, ka mate ngā wana hou o te paramu matomato me te kiwi, ka whakatairanga i te pua, ka whakapiki ake i te tere o te whakatakoto hua, ka whakapiki ake hoki i te hua. Ko te hua o te maimoatanga ethephon i runga i te kiwi he āhua papatahi te hua, he whakahekenga nui i te maha o ngā hua, ā, ko te ethelinei, ahakoa ka whakamahia takitahi, ka konatunatua rānei ki te B9, ki te PP333 rānei, he pānga ki te whakatairanga i te maturuturunga o ngā hua taitamariki, ka whakaiti nui i te pakeke o ngā hua, ā, he pānga pakari. He rerekē te pānga o te Ethephon ki ngā panana i ērā atu rākau hua. Ka taea e ia te whakanui ake i te maha o ngā ngongo e mimitihia ana e ngā panana, ka whakaiti i te iti o ngā hua me te taupū hua, ka hua ake he whakahekenga hua.

II. Te Ārai i te "Tupu Nui"

He puku putiputi whakaranu te raiki me te longan. Ina tīmata te puāwai i te kōanga, ā, ka tūtaki ki ngā pāmahana teitei, ka puta pinepine te āhuatanga o te "tipu nui". Ina koa mō te longan, ki te puta te "tipu nui", ka pā kino ki te kounga o ngā putiputi me te hua. Mā te rongoā i te raiki me te longan ki te Ethephon, ka taea te aukati i te tipu o ngā rau iti i runga i ngā kakau putiputi, ā, ka taea te whakaputa i ngā kakau putiputi parakore. Mā te rangahau whakamātautau i te rehu i te Ethephon ki runga i te raiki rau pango, i kitea kua piki ake te parakore o ngā kakau putiputi me te maha toharite o ngā hua i ia kakau. Ko te kukū tika o te ethylene he 200-250 mg/L. Ina rehuhia te 250-300 mg/L Ethephon ki runga i te longan ina tupu te wana 5-8 cm, he pai mō te rerekētanga o te āhua o te puku putiputi, ā, ka taea te ārai i te "tipu nui", ka hua ake he kakau putiputi noa.

Ina whakamahia te Ethephon hei rongoā i ngā rau ririki i runga i ngā kakau putiputi, ki te kore e tika te kukū, ka maha ka hinga te putiputi. I roto i te whakamātautau, i kitea ko ngā panonitanga o te pāmahana me te haumākū i te wā pihi o te raka me te longan ka pā ki te pānga o te Ethephon. I te kōanga me te pāmahana iti me te haumākū teitei, ko te kukū Ethephon hei ārai i te "tipu nui" he 250 mg/L; engari i te kōanga me te pāmahana teitei me te tauraki, ko te kukū Ethephon hei ārai i te "tipu nui" he 150 mg/L, ka hinga tonu te putiputi, ā, he rite tonu te pānga ki te raka me te longan.

III. Te Whakatairanga i te Whakamatao

Ka taea e te homoni Ethephon te whakateretere i te pirau o te chlorophyll, te whakatairanga i te hanganga o ngā anthocyanin, me te whakakoi i te tae o te kiri o te hua, kia tere ake ai te tukanga pakari. Mā te rehu i te 200mg/L o te homoni Ethephon i roto i ngā rā 50 i muri i te pua katoa o te hua "Fisher's Smile" ka taea te whakanui ake i te kaha hanga o ngā anthocyanin, ka wawe ake te tae o te hua, me te horahanga tae o te 61%. He pānga motuhake tō te homoni Ethephon ki te whakapai ake i te tae me te pakari o ngā cheri nui, engari he iti ake tōna pānga ki te tukatuka i te borax me te gibberellin. Mā te rongoā i ngā cheri reka Pākehā ki te 30mg/L o te homoni Ethephon ka taea te whakakoi i te hua i roto i ngā rā 1-2 i mua ake. Mā te rehu i te 500-1000mg/L o te homoni Ethephon i roto i ngā wiki e 2 i mua i te pakari tūturu o ngā persimmon ka taea te whakatairanga i te tukanga pakari, ka whakakoi i te hua i roto i te wiki kotahi i mua ake me te kore e whakaiti i te kounga o te hua. I muri i te maimoatanga ki te homoni etilena, kāore he pānga nui ki ngā totoka wairewa, te huaora C, me te rahi o te hua, engari he āhua ki te whakaiti i te nui o te waikawa ka taea te titrate.

IV. Te Rokiroki me te Tiaki

I te wā e hokona ana ngā hua hou, hei whakaroa i te roa o te wā e rongoatia ana, ka whakamahia te Ethephon hei whakaoho i te pakari o ngā hua. I muri i te rongoā i ngā hua ki te Ethephon, ka pai ake te tae me te reka, engari me aro ki te kukū o te whakamahinga. Ina rongoatia ngā māngo ki roto i te rūma makariri i te 25-28℃ i muri i te rongoā i te 200, 400mg/L rānei o te Ethephon, he pai ngā āhuatanga pakari o ngā māngo. Heoi, ina rongoāhia ki te 600mg/L o te Ethephon, ka nui ake te kiko hua o te Ethephon ka turuturu ki waho, ka pirau te kiko o te kiko hua.