Kua tere tonu te tipu o te mākete whakauru ahuwhenua koiora o Brazil i ngā tau tata nei. I roto i te horopaki o te pikinga ake o te mōhiotanga ki te tiaki taiao, te rongonui o ngā ariā ahuwhenua tauwhiro, me te tautoko kaha a te kāwanatanga i ngā kaupapa here, kei te piki haere te rongonui o Brazil hei mākete me te pokapū auaha nui mō ngā whakauru ahuwhenua koiora o te ao, e kukume ana i ngā kamupene koiora o te ao ki te whakatū mahi i roto i te whenua.
Te āhua o nāianei o te mākete patu pepeke koiora i Brazil
I te tau 2023, i eke te rohe whakato o ngā hua o Brazil ki te 81.82 miriona heketea, ko te hua nui rawa atu ko te pīni soya, e 52% o te rohe whakato katoa, ā, whai muri ko te kānga hotoke, te tō me te kānga raumati. I runga i tōna whenua ahuwhenua nui, ko BrazilpatupatuI eke te mākete ki te $20 piriona (te kai i te mutunga o te pāmu) i te tau 2023, ā, ko ngā patu pepeke pīni soya te wāhanga nui rawa atu o te uara mākete (58%), ā, koinei te mākete tino tere tipu i roto i ngā tau e toru kua pahure ake nei.
He iti tonu te wāhi o ngā patupatu koiora i roto i te mākete patupatu whānui i Brazil, engari kei te tere haere te tipu, mai i te 1% i te tau 2018 ki te 4% i te tau 2023 i roto noa i ngā tau e rima, me te tere tipu ā-tau o te 38%, he nui ake i te tere tipu 12% o ngā patupatu matū.
I te tau 2023, i eke te uara mākete o te mākete patu paturopi koiora o te whenua ki te $800 miriona i te taha o te kaiahuwhenua. I roto i ēnei, i runga i te kāwai, ko ngā patu paturopi koiora te kāwai hua nui rawa atu (e whakamahia ana i roto i te pīni soya me te tō); Ko te tuarua o ngā kāwai nui rawa atu kongā patu pepeke koiora, ā, whai muri ko ngā kaihoko moroiti me ngā matū koiora; Ko te CAGR teitei rawa atu i roto i te uara mākete i roto i te wā 2018-2023 ko ngā matū koiora nematode, tae atu ki te 52%. Mō ngā hua kua whakamahia, ko te wāhi o ngā matū koiora pīni soya i roto i te uara mākete katoa te mea teitei rawa atu, tae atu ki te 55% i te tau 2023; I taua wā anō, ko ngā pīni soya hoki te hua me te tere teitei rawa atu o te whakamahinga o ngā matū koiora, me te 88% o tōna rohe kua whakatōkia e whakamahi ana i aua hua i te tau 2023. Ko te kānga hotoke me te tō te tuarua me te tuatoru o ngā hua nui rawa atu i roto i te uara mākete. Kua piki ake te uara mākete o ēnei hua i roto i ngā tau e toru kua hipa.
He rerekē ngā momo matua o ngā patupatu koiora mō ēnei hua nui. Ko te uara mākete nui rawa atu o ngā patupatu koiora pīni soya ko ngā patupatu koiora, e 43% te nui i te tau 2023. Ko ngā momo tino nui e whakamahia ana i roto i te kānga hotoke me te kānga raumati ko ngā patupatu koiora, e 66% me te 75% o te uara mākete o ngā patupatu koiora i roto i ngā momo hua e rua (ko te nuinga mō te whakahaere i ngā pepeke ngau). Ko te momo hua nui rawa atu o te tō ko ngā patupatu koiora, e neke atu i te haurua o te wāhanga mākete o ngā patupatu koiora tō.
Mō te rohe e whakamahia ana, e whakaatu ana te tūtohi e whai ake nei i ngā kai hohe e iwa e whakamahia whānuitia ana, te ōwehenga o te rohe e rongoatia ana i runga i ngā hua rerekē, me te rohe e whakamahia ana i roto i te tau kotahi. I roto i ēnei, ko Trichoderma te kai hohe nui rawa atu, e whakamahia ana i roto i te 8.87 miriona heketea o ngā hua i te tau, ko te nuinga mō te whakatipu pīni soya. I whai mai ko Beauveria bassiana (6.845 miriona heketea), i whakamahia nuitia ki te kānga hotoke. E waru o ēnei kai hohe matua e iwa he ātete ki te koiora, ā, ko ngā parasitoid anake ngā pepeke hoariri tūturu (e whakamahia katoa ana i roto i te whakatipu tō). He maha ngā take e tino hokona ai ēnei kai hohe:
Trichoderma, Beauveria bassiana me Bacillus amylus: neke atu i te 50 ngā umanga whakaputa, e whakarato ana i te kapinga mākete me te tuku pai;
Rhodospore: he pikinga nui, nā te pikinga o te putanga mai o te pepeke kānga, he 11 miriona heketea te rohe maimoatanga hua i te tau 2021, me te 30 miriona heketea i te tau 2024 mō te kānga hotoke;
Ngā wāpu pirinoa: he tūnga pumau mō te wā roa i runga i te tō, e whakamahia ana hei whakahaere i te pepeke tō;
Metarhizium anisopliae: Te tere o te tipu, nā te pikinga ake o te maha o ngā nematode me te whakakorenga o te rēhitatanga o te carbofuran (te matū matua mō te whakahaere i ngā nematode).
Te wā tuku: Hurae-15-2024