Ko te kānga, te mea nui rawa atu o ngā hua kai matua e toru o Haina, kei a ia te rohe whakato nui rawa atu me te hua katoa teitei rawa atu i roto i ngā hua kai katoa. He tūranga rautaki nui tōna hei whakarite i te haumarutanga kai ā-motu, hei tautoko i te whanaketanga o te umanga whāngai me te rāngai tukatuka hohonu. I ngā tau tata nei, i pāngia e ngā āhuatanga maha pērā i te whakarerekētanga o ngā tauira tuku me te tono ā-rohe me te ao, te hekenga o ngā utu i ia wā, me te pikinga tonu o ngā utu whakaputa, kei te anga atu te umanga kānga ki tētahi raruraru hanganga o te "putanga nui engari he iti te whai huatanga".
I roto i tēnei horopaki, i runga i ngā raraunga matua o te umanga kānga o Haina, ka tātarihia e tēnei pepa ngā tohu matua pēnei i te whakaputanga, ngā utu mākete, te hokohoko kawemai me te kaweake, te hanganga utu me te moni whiwhi whakatō. Ka tirotirohia e ia te āhuatanga o te tuku me te tono, ngā ia o te piki me te heke o te utu me ngā huringa moni whiwhi utu i roto i te mākete kānga o te kāinga, ā, ka whakatauritehia ngā rerekētanga o ngā utu me ngā moni whiwhi whakatō kānga i waenga i a Haina me te Hononga o Amerika.
Te Tātari i te Āhua o te Whakaputa Kānga i Haina
1.1. Kua eke te rohe ki te tipu pai mō ngā tau e toru karapīpiti.
E ai ki ngā tatauranga a te Tari Tatauranga ā-Motu, i te tau 2025, i eke te rohe whakato kānga ki Haina ki te 6,744.12 miriona mu (tata ki te 674 miriona eka), he pikinga o te 330.15 miriona mu i whakaritea ki te tau 2024, me te tere pikinga o te 0.49%. Kua hoki anō ki te taumata tihi o mua o te tau 2015. Heoi, kei te whakaatu te tere tipu i te ia o te puhoi haere, e heke ana mai i te 4.99% i te tau 2021 ki te 0.49% i te tau 2025, e tohu ana kua iti haere te wāhi mō te whakawhānui ake i te rohe whakato kānga ki Haina.
1.2. Neke atu i te 300 miriona tāne te putanga
Mai i te tau 2015 ki te tau 2025, i whakaatuhia e te whakaputanga kānga o Haina he ia whānui o te "hekenga tuatahi, kātahi ka piki". Ki te whakatauritea ki te hokinga "āhua-U" i roto i te rohe whakato, he tere ake te tere whakaora o te whakaputanga, ā, he nui ake te pikinga. Mai i te tau 2015 ki te tau 2018, he wā iti te hekenga, me te hekenga o te whakaputanga mai i te 264,992.2 miriona tana ki te 257,173.9 miriona tana, he hekenga katoa o te 2.95%. Mai i te tau 2019 ki te tau 2025, i uru atu ki tētahi wā tipu tonu. Haunga te whakarerekētanga iti i te tau 2020, i eke ki te tipu pai mō ngā tau e rima karapīpiti, i piki ake mai i te 26,077.89 miriona tana ki te 30,123.5 miriona tana, he pikinga katoa o te 15.51%. I te tau 2025, neke atu i te 300 miriona tana te whakaputanga kānga o Haina mō te wā tuatahi, ka whakatakoto i tētahi rekoata hītori hou.
1.3. Te tahora ā-motu o te umanga kānga
I te tau 2024, ko te whakaputanga kānga o ngā kawanatanga 10 e whai ake nei – Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Liaoning, Xinjiang, Sichuan, me Yunnan – i roto i ngā tūranga 1 ki te 10 o runga puta noa i te motu. Ko te nui o te whakaputanga o ia kawanatanga neke atu i te 100 miriona tana – ko te katoa he 24089.16 miriona tana (tata ki te 2.41 piriona tana), e 81.68% o te whakaputanga kānga ā-motu. I roto i ēnei, i mau tonu a Heilongjiang i te tūranga tuatahi mō te nui o te whakaputanga, tae atu ki te 4584.94 miriona tana, e 15.55% o te whakaputanga katoa ā-motu.
2.1. Te Hiahia a te Kaihoko me ngā Auahatanga Utu
Mai i te tirohanga o te hanganga kai, i te tau pūtea 2024/2025, ko te katoa o te kai kānga i Haina he tata ki te 297.86 miriona tana. I roto i tēnei, ko te kai whāngai te mea nui, tata ki te 193.50 miriona tana, tata ki te 64.96% o te katoa o te kai. I roto i te kai whāngai, tata ki te 50% te nui o te kai poaka, ā, tata ki te 40% te nui o te kai heihei. I whai tata mai te kai ahumahi, me te nui o te kai tata ki te 83.40 miriona tana, tata ki te 28%. I ngā tau tata nei, me te whānui haere tonu o te kaha tukatuka, kua piki haere te pumau o te kai ahumahi o te kānga. Ko te nuinga o te kaha whakaputa kei roto i ngā rohe whakaputa kānga i te Tai Rāwhiti me te Tai Tokerau o Haina, me te tapeke e tata ana ki te 80% o te katoa o te kaha. He iti noa te kai purapura, tata ki te 0.43%. I te katoa, ko te kai whāngai me te whakamahinga ahumahi e tata ana ki te 92%, koinei te kaha matua mō te kai kānga i Haina.
Mai i te tīmatanga o te tau 2023 ki te tīmatanga o te tau 2026, i te nuinga o te wā, i heke haere ngā utu kānga o te whare, mai i te 3.04 yuan ia kirokaramu i te marama o Hānuere 2023 ki te 2.5 yuan ia kirokaramu i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2026, me te hekenga ā-pūmau tata ki te 17.76%. I taua wā anō, i heke haere hoki ngā utu kānga o te ao, mai i te 2.82 yuan ia kirokaramu ki te 2.24 yuan ia kirokaramu, me te hekenga whānui tata ki te 20.57%. He maha ake ngā piki me ngā heke o ngā utu o te ao, ā, i whakaatu ngā mea e rua i te ngoikore haere o te ia, engari ko te taumata utu o te whare he teitei ake i te utu o te ao i te nuinga o ngā wā.
2.2. Te Tātari i ngā Tauira Tauhokohoko Kawemai me Kaweake
E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i ngā tari tāke o Haina, i te tau 2025, ko te nui o ngā hua e pā ana ki te kānga i kawemai ki Haina he 266.35 miriona tana, he 213 miriona tana teitei ake i te nui o ngā hua kaweake (53.38 miriona tana); ko te nui o ngā hua kawemai he 715 miriona tāra US, tata ki te 0.34% o te nui o ngā hua ahuwhenua ā-motu i kawemaihia i te tau 2025 (207.41 piriona tāra US); ko te nui o ngā hua kaweake he 404 miriona tāra US, tata ki te 0.39% o te nui o ngā hua ahuwhenua ā-motu i kaweakehia i te tau 2025 (104.16 piriona tāra US); i eke te nama tauhokohoko ki te 3.11 piriona tāra US.
Mai i te tirohanga a ngā taonga hokohoko, i te tau 2025, ko ngā hua matua o te kānga i kawemai ki Haina ko te "kānga, kāore i te whakaurua mō ngā kaupapa whakato", "kānga reka tio", "māngaro kānga", "kānga reka kāore i tukatukahia, i tiakina rānei mā te tikanga winika", "paura kānga", "kānga mō ngā kaupapa whakato", me ētahi atu, e 10 katoa ngā wāhanga. Ko te taonga i nui rawa te kawemai ko te "kānga, kāore i te whakaurua mō ngā kaupapa whakato" - me te nui o te kawemai o te 2,646,290.81 tana (tata ki te 264.63 miriona kirokaramu) me te uara kawemai o te 692,642,700 tāra US (tata ki te 693 miriona tāra US), e 99.35% me te 96.82% o te nui katoa o te kawemai me te uara kawemai o ngā taonga e pā ana ki te kānga i Haina puta noa i te tau 2025.
Ko ngā hua matua e kaweakehia ana ko te "māngaro kānga", "kānga reka i tukatukahia, i tiakina rānei mā ngā tikanga kore-ātete", "kānga reka tio", "ētahi atu hinu kānga me ō rātou hua", "kānga kai", me ētahi atu, e 10 katoa ngā kāwai. I roto i ēnei, ko te hua me te nui rawa o te kaweake ko te "māngaro kānga" - ko te nui o te kaweake i te tau 2025 ko te 213,444.1 tāne (tata ki te 21.34 miriona tāne), ā, ko te uara kaweake ko te 81.9832 miriona tāra US (tata ki te 0.82 miriona tāra US), e 39.99% me te 20.29% o te katoa o te nui o te kaweake me te uara kaweake o ngā hua e pā ana ki te kānga i Haina i te tau 2025. Ko te hua he nui rawa te uara kaweake ko te "kānga reka i tukatukahia, i tiakina rānei mā ngā tikanga kore-ātete" – ko te rahinga kaweake i te tau 2025 he 172,079.29 tāne (tata ki te 17.21 miriona tāne), ā, ko te uara kaweake he 181.123 miriona tāra US (tata ki te 1.81 miriona tāra US), e 32.24% me te 44.82% o te rahinga kaweake katoa me te uara kaweake o ngā hua e pā ana ki te kānga i Haina i te tau 2025.
3. Tātaritanga o te Utu me te Painga o te Whakatō
3.1. Te Utu Katoa mō ia Eka
E ai ki te "National Agricultural Product Cost and Revenue Data Compilation", i te tau 2024, ko te utu katoa mō ia mu o te kānga i Haina he 1,316.7 yuan. Ki te whakatauritea ki te tau 2023, he 1,312.04 yuan, i piki ake mā te 4.66 yuan, he pikinga tata ki te 0.36%. Mai i te tirohanga roa, ko te utu katoa mō ia mu o te kānga i Haina mai i te tau 2014 ki te 2024 i whakaatu i tētahi ia pikinga e piki haere ana. I roto i te wā 10-tau, i piki ake mai i te 1,063.89 yuan ki te 1,316.7 yuan, me te pikinga ā-pūmau o te 23.76%.
3.2. Uara Putanga Katoa mō ia Mu
E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i te "National Agricultural Cost and Revenue Data Compilation", mai i te tau 2014 ki te 2024, ko te uara putanga mō ia eka o te kānga i Haina i whakaatu i tētahi ia rerekētanga motuhake o te "heke tuatahi, kātahi ka piki, kātahi ka heke tere anō". Mai i te tau 2014 ki te 2016, i heke tonu te uara putanga mō ia eka mai i te 1,145.71 yuan ki te 765.89 yuan, me te hekenga ā-pūmau o te 33.15%. Kātahi ka uru ki tētahi wā tipu e whitu tau te roa, ā, ka piki tonu mai i te tau 2017 ki te 2023, ka eke ki te tihi hītori o te 1,466.43 yuan i te tau 2023, me te pikinga nui rawa atu i ia tau i te tau 2020, i te 27.87%. Heoi, i te tau 2024, ka heke te uara putanga mō ia eka ki te 1,093.94 yuan, me te hekenga nui o te tau ki te 25.40%, ka hoki anō ki te taumata o te tau 2015 ki te 2019.
3.3. Te Hua mō ia Eka
Ko te hua kupenga mai i te whakaputanga kānga e pā ana ki te hua kupenga whakamutunga i whiwhihia mai i ngā mahi whakato kānga i muri i te tango i ngā utu whakaputa katoa pēnei i ngā purapura, ngā maniua, ngā kaimahi, me ngā mīhini. Koinei te tohu matua mō te ine i ngā painga ōhanga o te whakaputanga kānga. E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i te "National Agricultural Product Cost and Revenue Compilation", i runga i te hua kupenga mō ia eka o te kānga i Haina mai i te tau 2014 ki te 2024, e whakaatu ana te moni whiwhi whakato i ngā āhuatanga o "ngā hua me ngā mate rerekē, me te piki haere o ngā piki me ngā heke i ngā tau tata nei": i te tau 2014, he iti noa te hua o te 81.82 yuan, mai i te tau 2015 ki te 2019, he mate e rima tau te roa (ko te mate tino kino i te tau 2016 ko te 299.7 yuan), mai i te tau 2020 ki te 2023, he hua e whā tau te roa, ā, i te tau 2022, i eke ki te tihi o te 163.25 yuan, engari i te tau 2024, i tino heke ki te -222.76 yuan, ka hoki ki te awhe mate hohonu. Ahakoa i te tau 2024, ahakoa i heke te uara putanga mā te 25.4%, i tino heke te hua kupenga mai i te hua o te 154.39 yuan ki te ngaronga o te 222.76 yuan, e tohu ana kua tino piki ake te pēhanga utu, kua nui atu rānei te hekenga o te utu i ngā tumanakohanga.
Wā tuku: Mei-19-2026
