I roto i ngā karepe tēpu, tae atu ki te momo uwha Siah-e-Samarkhandi, he mea nui te āhua o te paihere me te rahi o te hua. Heoi, he maha ngā wero e pā ana ki te whakatipu i tēnei karepe, pērā i te maturuturunga o te hua me te hua iti, ka heke te hua me te uara mākete. He āwangawanga nui te maturuturunga o te hua mō te momo Siah-e-Samarkhandi. Nō reira, i tirotirohia e tēnei rangahau ngā pānga o te 0, 30, 60, me te 90 mg/L⁻¹ GA₃ me te 0 me te 1.5% HKO₃ ki te whakapūpū o te momo Siah-e-Samarkhandi i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakapūpū tuwhera me te whakahaere. I tua atu, i aromatawaihia e tētahi atu whakamātautau ngā pānga o ngā pūtake hae (ngā momo Siah-e-Shiraz, Askari, Rotabi, Rishbaba, me Aatabaki) ki te whakapūpū o te momo Siah-e-Samarkhandi. I whakaatuhia e ngā hua, haunga te momo Atabaki, i whakapai ake te hae mai i ētahi atu momo i te hua hua me te paihere i roto i te momo Siah-e-Samarkhandi. I te nuinga, ko te huinga o te 30 mg/Lte kiperelini (GA₃)ā, ko te 1.5% pāhare pākawa waro (KNO₃) te mea tino kaha ki te kounga me te hua o ngā hua me ngā paihere.
He mea nui tēnei momo i Īrāna me te kawanatanga o Fars nā tōna hou me te nui o te anthocyanin. Ka tipu ngā karepe Siah-e-Samarkhandi i te āhuarangi maroke, me te ua toharite mai i te 300 ki te 450 mm i ngā rohe rerekē o te kawanatanga. Nā te mea he mea nui te āhua o te tautau karepe me te rahi o te hua mō te hou, he maha ngā raruraru kei reira, pērā i te rahi o te hua kāore i te ōrite, te kounga o te tautau, me te iti o te maha o ngā hua i ia tautau (nā te hinganga o te hua), e whakaiti ana i ngā hua.³ Ka taea e te tangohanga purapura karepe kai te whakaputa i ngā momo pānga koiora, tae atu ki te mahi hei antioxidants tūturu, hei tiaki, hei whakahoromata kai, ā, mā reira ka ārai i te poke o te kai e ngā moroiti kino.
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Mō te hototahitanga o ngā momo karepe, he maha ngā momo ka hototahi ki a rātou anō, ka whakaputa uri anō hoki. He mea noa te whakatō i roto i ngā tipu kati i roto i ngā karepe. Ahakoa he rerekētanga, he onge; ko ētahi momo kāore e hototahi ki a rātou anō. He maha ngā āhuatanga e pāngia ai te hua me te kounga o ngā hua. Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga matua ko te koiora whakaputa uri o te momo karepe. Ko te whanaketanga katoa o ngā okana putiputi me te whakaputanga o te hae e tika ana me ngā tere whakatipu teitei he mea nui hei whakarite i te momonatanga. Ko te whakatipu hae e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo, ki ngā āhuatanga kai, me ngā āhuatanga taiao, ā, he rerekē ngā āhuatanga pai mō te whakatipu hae.
Mā te whakamahinga o te gibberellin i roto i ngā karepe hou kāore he purapura ka taea te whakanui ake i te rahi o ngā hua i te wā e whakatōngia ana ngā hua.
I te mea he nui te taumata o te whakatipu karepe, he mea nui te kimi i ngā otinga tika hei whakapai ake i tōna kounga. I whakahaerehia ngā maimoatanga hae ki ngā momo pēnei i a Siah-e-Shiraz me ētahi atu, nā te mea i hua mai i ēnei maimoatanga he nui ngā tere whakatipu hae (kāore i whakaratohia ngā raraunga). Mā te whakanoho i ēnei hae (he puna nui o te auxin me te GA3 ngā hae hauora) ki te momo momo Siah-e-Samarkhandi, ā, mā tō rātou whakatipu ka whakaoho i te tipu o ngā ovaries, ka hua ake te nui ake o ēnei homoni, ā, i te mutunga, te hanganga hua. Mā te noho o ngā hae hauora i roto i te hua ka hua ake ngā purapura hauora (Pikitia 1A-F). Ko te whāinga matua o tēnei whakamātautau he tirotiro i ngā take o te pakaru o ngā hua karepe me te whai huatanga o ngā maimoatanga pēnei i te gibberellin (GA3) me te pāhare pākawa waro (KNO3) me te whakawhitiwhiti-whakatipu hei ārai, hei whakaiti rānei i tēnei raruraru i roto i te momo karepe Siah-e-Samarkhandi.
I whakahaerehia tēnei whakamātautau mō ngā tau e rua (2021-2022) i tētahi māra waina arumoni i te kāinga o Khoral, ki te raki mā uru o Shiraz, Īrāna (35 km ki te raki mā uru o Shiraz, 29°57′ N, 52°14′ S). He āhuarangi mātao, he marino hoki te rohe, ā, ko te ua toharite ia tau he 450 mm, ā, he oneone uku-paura. I whakatōkia ngā karepe ki te 3.5 mita te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā rarangi, ā, e 4 mita te tawhiti i waenganui i ngā waina takitahi. Kāore i whakamakukuhia te māra waina (he ahuwhenua ua). I tutuki te kohikohinga o ngā rauemi tipu ki ngā aratohu me ngā ture whakahaere, ā-motu, me te ao e tika ana, ā, i whakamanahia e tētahi umanga māra arumoni i te mahi tahi me Te Whare Wānanga o Shiraz.
I whakamahia e ngā whakamātautau tuatahi me te tuarua tētahi hoahoa tauwehe i runga i tētahi hoahoa poraka matapōkere, ā, e whā ngā wā i whakahokia ai.
Ko te whakamātautau tuatoru i uru atu ki te whakawhiti-whakawhiti (whakawhiti-whakawhiti) o te momo Siah-e-Samarghandi mā te whakamahi i te hae mai i ngā momo e rima (Rotabi, Rishbaba, Askari, Atabaki, me Siah-e-Shiraz). I whakamahia te hae mai i te momo Siah-e-Samarghandi hei whakawhiti-whaiaro i tēnei momo, ā, i whakamahia hei mana whakahaere i roto i tēnei whakamātautau.
I te wā pua o ia momo karepe Siah-e-Samarghandi, i pania te hae o ēnei momo ki ngā pua e whā kua tīpakohia. Kotahi ki te toru ngā rā i mua i te pua, ka whakatakotoria ngā pua kua tīpakohia ki roto i ngā pēke pepa. E rua tekau mā rima ōrau o ngā pua o te momo whakapūpū i whakatakotoria ki roto i ngā pēke. Tekau ki te tekau mā whā ngā rā i muri i te pua, ka tangohia ngā pēke pepa katoa mai i ngā pua.
I muri i te pakari o ngā hua (ko te nui o ngā matū wairewa he ≥16%), ka inehia te hua karepe takitahi. E waru ngā tautau (e whā i roto i ngā pēke, ko ētahi kāore i roto i ngā pēke) i tīpakohia matapōkeretia mai i ngā taha e whā o te waina, ā, ka whakawhitia ki te taiwhanga ā-tinana o te Tari Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran, hei tātaritanga tau me te kounga.
Ka tatauhia te auau hua mā te whakamahi i te tātai e whai ake nei mā te tatau i te maha o ngā putiputi 10 ngā rā i mua i te pua me te maha o ngā hua i puta i te 10 ngā rā i muri i te pua.
I ngā whakamātautau tuatahi e rua, i tīpakohia matapōkeretia kia 10 ngā hua rākau mai i ia paihere; i te whakamātautau tuatoru, i tīpakohia kia 50 ngā hua rākau. I tatauhia te maha o ngā kākano i roto i ia hua rākau, ā, i tatauhia te toharite o ngā kākano mō ia hua rākau i roto i ia rōpū maimoatanga.
Hei whakatau i ngā pūhui phenolic, i whakaranua te tangohanga wai hua ki te 80% methanol i te ōwehenga 1:1. Kātahi ka konatunatua te 100 μl o te tangohanga etanoru ki te 400 μl o te pūhui phosphate me te 2.5 ml o te matū Folin-Ciocalteu (Sigma-Aldrich). I muri i te 1 meneti, ka tāpirihia te 2 ml o te otinga konutai kāponāte 7.5% ki te ranunga, ā, ka whakatōkia te tauira ki te 25°C mō te 5 meneti. Kātahi ka inehia te mimiti i te 760 nm mā te whakamahi i te ine-mātakitaki (BioTek Instruments, Inc., USA). Ka whakaatuhia ngā hua hei mirikaramu o te waikawa karika mō ia 100 karamu o te taumaha hou, me te whakamahi i te waikawa karika.ashe paerewa.
I whakatauhia te nui o te anthocyanin mā te tikanga pH rerekē mā te whakamahi i ngā arai rerekē e rua: te arai 25 mM KCl i te pH 1.0 me te arai 0.4 M konutai acetate i te pH 4.5. I whakatōkia ia tauira ki roto i ngā arai e rua mō te 15 meneti, ā, i inehia te mimiti i te 510 nm me te 700 nm, me te rima tāruarua mō ia tauira. I whakatauhia te nui katoa o te anthocyanin i runga anō i te tikanga a Sabir et al.
Te mahi ārai matei whakatauhiamā te whakamahi i te tikanga 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH). Ko te tikanga motuhake i penei: 100 ml o te wai hua i whakaranua ki te methanol me te wai i te ōwehenga o te 1:100. Kātahi ka konatunatua te tangohanga ki te 2 ml o te otinga DPPH 0.1 mM i roto i te methanol. I muri i te 30 meneti, i inehia te mimiti o te otinga hua i te 517 nm mā te whakamahi i te ine UV Cecil 2010. Ko te mimiti rauropi kore utu o te DPPH kāore he tangohanga i whakamahia hei mana whakahaere. I tatauhia te ngohe antioxidant mā te whakamahi i te tātai e whai ake nei:
I whakamahia e tēnei whakamātautau tētahi hoahoa matapōkere katoa, e toru ngā wā i whakahokia ai (e whā ngā tautau i roto i ia whakahokinga). I tātarihia ngā raraunga mā te whakamahi i te pūmanawa SAS 9.1, ā, i whakamahia te whakamātautau a Tukey hei whakatairite i ngā toharite i te taumata hiranga o te 0.05. I hangaia ngā mahere wera tautau mā te whakamahi i te pūmanawa R mō te tātari maha-taurangi.
Ki te whakatauritea ki te maimoatanga whakapūpū-whaiaro (14.97%), ko te uara TSS mō te whakapūpū-whakawhiti i roto i te maimoatanga Atabaqui he 16.93%, he rerekētanga nui tēnei. Kāore i kitea he rerekētanga nui i waenga i ngā maimoatanga kē atu me te maimoatanga whakapūpū-whaiaro (Pikitia 4B).
Ko te kaha ārai-aukati teitei rawa i kitea i te whakapūtanga-whaiaro (55.78%), ko te iti rawa ia i kitea i te hae atabaca (18.88%) me te askari (31.54%). Kāore i tino rerekē ētahi atu maimoatanga mai i te rōpū whakahaere.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-08-2026
